孙杨被禁赛8年！
北京时间2月28日下午5点，国际体育仲裁法庭（CAS）公布了世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）诉孙杨和国际泳联（FINA）案听证会的裁决结果，孙杨被禁赛八年，即日起生效。
Olympic swimming champion Sun Yang banned for eight years after Cas ruling
The Guardian
The Chinese multiple world and Olympic swimming champion Sun Yang has been banned for eight years after the Court of Arbitration for Sport (Cas) upheld the World Anti-Doping Agency’s appeal against a decision by swimming’s governing body Fina to clear him of a doping offence.
the Court of Arbitration for Sport
国际体育仲裁院，又译为国际体育仲裁庭（缩写为CAS，法语：Tribunal Arbitral du Sport，缩写为TAS），是一个专门为解决体育纠纷而设立的国际性仲裁机构。
该机构总部位于瑞士洛桑，在纽约和悉尼设有分院，同时在奥运会期间会设立特别法庭。前国际奥委会主席萨马兰奇先生提出了建立一个解决体育纠纷的机构的建议，因而国际体育仲裁院得以在1984年建立，并作为国际奥委会的一个下属机构。（百度百科）
dope
1）表示“兴奋剂”，英文解释为“a drug that is taken by a person or given to an animal to affect their performance in a race or sport”举个🌰：
The athlete failed a dope test (= a medical test showed that he had taken such drugs).
这个运动员未能通过药检。
2）表示“麻醉剂，毒品（尤指大麻，在美国尤指海洛因）”，英文解释为“a drug that is taken illegally for pleasure, especially cannabis or, in the US, heroin.”
appeal
1）表示“上诉；申诉”，英文解释为“An appeal is a formal request for a decision to be changed.”举个🌰：
They took their appeal to the Supreme Court.
他们上诉到了最高法院。
2）表示“吸引力”，英文解释为“The appeal of something is a quality that people find attractive or interesting.”举个🌰：
Its new title was meant to give the party greater public appeal.
其新的名字意在给予该党更大的公众吸引力。
clear sb of sth
表示“证明无罪（或无辜）”，英文解释为“to prove that sb is innocent ”举个🌰：
She was cleared of all charges against her.
对她的所有指控均已撤销。
offence
表示“违法行为；犯罪行为”，英文解释为“An offence is a crime that breaks a particular law and requires a particular punishment.”举个🌰：
A first offence carries a fine of $1,000.
初犯要罚款$1000。
The decision means Sun will not be allowed to defend his 200 metres freestyle title at the Olympic Games in Tokyo and effectively ends his career. Sun was accused of smashing the vials containing his blood after a row with a team of Fina drug-testers at his home in September 2018.
defend
表示“卫冕”，英文解释为“When a sports player plays in the tournament which they won the previous time it was held, you can say that they are defending their title.”举个🌰：
She expects to defend her title successfully in the next Olympics.
她希望下届奥运会能成功卫冕。
smash
表示“打碎；破碎”，英文解释为“If you smash something or if it smashes, it breaks into many pieces, for example, when it is hit or dropped.”举个🌰：Someone smashed a bottle.
有人打碎了一个瓶子。
vial /ˈvaɪəl/
表示“（装香水、药物等的）小瓶”，英文解释为“A vial is a very small bottle that is used to hold something such as perfume or medicine.”
row
1）表示“吵架；争吵”，英文解释为“a noisy argument between two or more people”举个🌰：
She left him after a blazing row.
大吵一场之后，她离他而去。
2）表示“严重分歧；纠纷”，英文解释为“a serious disagreement between people, organizations, etc. about sth”，后接 about/over sth，举个🌰：
A row has broken out over education.
在教育问题上出现了严重分歧。
The 28-year-old, his mother and entourage allegedly interfered with the Fina team’s efforts to get samples because they did not believe the testers were properly accredited or qualified. Sun, who had already served a three-month ban for an earlier offence, was cleared by a subsequent Fina investigation, a decision which prompted a mixture of fury and incredulity around the swimming world.
entourage
entourage /ˈɒntʊˌrɑːʒ/ 表示“随从”，英文解释为“”A famous or important person's entourage is the group of assistants, servants, or other people who travel with them.举个🌰：
She was quickly whisked away by her entourage.
她很快被她的随从带走了。
allegedly
表示“指称地”，举个🌰：
His van allegedly struck the two as they were crossing a street.
据称，他的货车在这两个人过马路时撞上了他们。
accredited
1）表示“官方认可的；获正式承认的”，英文解释为“officially recognized as sth; with official permission to be sth”举个🌰：
Only accredited journalists were allowed entry.
只有正式认可的记者才获准入内。
2）表示“鉴定合格的；达到标准的”，英文解释为“officially approved as being of an accepted quality or standard”，如：a fully accredited school/university/course充分鉴定合格的学校/大学/课程。
fury
表示“狂怒”，英文解释为“Fury is violent or very strong anger.”举个🌰：
She screamed, her face distorted with fury and pain.
她尖叫着，她的脸因愤怒和痛苦而扭曲了。
incredulity
incredulity /ˌɪnkrɪˈdjuːlɪtɪ/ 表示“怀疑”，英文解释为“If someone reacts with incredulity to something, they are unable to believe it because it is very surprising or shocking.”举个🌰：
The announcement has been met with incredulity.
该公告受到了人们的质疑。
That was evident at the World Aquatics Championships in South Korea in July 2019, when Sun claimed his 10th and 11th world titles but also clashed with Australia’s Mack Horton and Britain’s Duncan Scott during medal ceremonies.
clash with
1）表示“（两群人之间的）打斗，打架，冲突”，英文解释为“a short fight between two groups of people”举个🌰：
Clashes broke out between them.
他们间发生了冲突。
2）表示“争论；辩论；争执”，英文解释为“an argument between two people or groups of people who have different beliefs and ideas”举个🌰：
Don't make any policy decisions which clash with official company thinking.
不要做与公司官方理念有分歧的任何政策性决定。
The ruling from Cas released on Friday read: “The CAS Panel unanimously determined, to its comfortable satisfaction, that the Athlete violated Article 2.5 Fina DC (Tampering with any part of Doping Control). In particular, the Panel found that the personnel in charge of the doping control complied with all applicable requirements as set out in the International Standard for Testing and Investigations (ISTI).
unanimous
表示“一致同意的”，英文解释为“When a group of people are unanimous, they all agree about something or all vote for the same thing.”举个🌰：
Editors were unanimous in their condemnation of the proposals.
编辑们一致谴责这些提议。
The board unanimously approved the project last week.
董事会上周一致同意批准了这个项目。
“More specifically, the Athlete failed to establish that he had a compelling justification to destroy his sample collection containers and forego the doping control when, in his opinion, the collection protocol was not in compliance with the ISTI. As the Panel noted, it is one thing, having provided a blood sample, to question the accreditation of the testing personnel while keeping the intact samples in the possession of the testing authorities; it is quite another thing, after lengthy exchanges and warnings as to the consequences, to act in such a way that results in destroying the sample containers, thereby eliminating any chance of testing the sample at a later stage.
compelling
1）表示“人信服的”，英文解释为“A compelling argument or reason is one that convinces you that something is true or that something should be done.”举个🌰：
Factual and forensic evidence makes a suicide verdict the most compelling answer to the mystery of his death.
事实和法庭证据使自杀的判定成为对他死亡之谜最令人信服的解答。
2）表示“引人入胜的”，英文解释为“If you describe something such as a film or book, or someone's appearance, as compelling, you mean you want to keep looking at it or reading it because you find it so interesting.”举个🌰：
Her latest book makes compelling reading.
她新出的书读起来扣人心弦。
forego
forego /fɔːˈɡəʊ/ 表示“放弃”，英文解释为“If you forego something, you decide to do without it, although you would like it.”举个🌰：
Many skiers are happy to forego a summer holiday to go skiing.
许多滑雪者乐于放弃暑假去滑雪。
intact
表示“完好无损；完整”，英文解释为“ complete and not damaged”举个🌰：
Most of the house remains intact even after two hundred years.
虽然过了两百年，这房子的大部分还保持完好。
He emerged from the trial with his reputation intact.
他受审获释，名誉丝毫未受损害。
in possession of
表示“拥有”，英文解释为“If you are in possession of something, you have it, because you have obtained it or because it belongs to you.”举个🌰：
Those documents are now in the possession of the Washington Post.
那些文件现在归《华盛顿邮报》所有。
The gang was caught in possession of stolen goods.
这伙人被逮住，人赃俱获。
注：利用两个例句区分”in possession of“和”in the possession of“的用法。
“Considering that, in June 2014, the Athlete was found guilty of a first anti-doping rule violation (ADRV), the Panel concluded that, in accordance with Article 10.7.1 Fina DC, an eight-year period of ineligibility, starting on the date of the Cas award, has to be imposed on the Athlete for this second ADRV.”
ineligibility
ineligible的派生词，可以理解为“不合格；无被选资格.“。
Wada welcomed the decision and the agency’s director general Olivier Niggli said: “Wada decided to appeal the original Fina ruling having carefully reviewed it and having concluded that there were a number of points that seemed to be incorrect under the Code.
“Today’s CAS ruling confirms those concerns and is a significant result. We will now need to take time to review the decision in full, and we will continue to review diligently all anti-doping decisions taken by Code Signatories to ensure they are in line with the Code and, when warranted, to exercise our independent right of appeal.”
warrant
表示“使有必要；使正当；使恰当”，英文解释为“to make sth necessary or appropriate in a particular situation”举个🌰：
Further investigation is clearly warranted.
进一步调查显然是必要的。
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